Description
Surface-functional biosensor recognition ligand designed for selective detection of Interleukin-1 Beta (IL-1β), supplied as a thiol-modified DNA aptamer for direct immobilization on gold and thiol-reactive sensor surfaces. Engineered for high binding specificity, low non-specific adsorption, and stable integration into electrochemical and microfluidic biosensor platforms. For Research Use Only (RUO).
Product Description
The ProbeSeq Interleukin-1 Beta BiosensorProbe™ is a thiol-functionalized single-stranded DNA aptamer engineered for selective recognition and capture of IL-1β, a key pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in immune activation, inflammatory signaling, and disease progression monitoring. The probe incorporates a terminal sulfhydryl (–SH) functional group enabling covalent immobilization on gold sensor interfaces while maintaining structural folding and target-binding activity.
IL-1β is a secreted cytokine (~17 kDa) typically present at low concentrations in biological fluids and significantly elevated during inflammatory and infectious conditions. Physiological serum levels are typically <5 pg/mL and may increase to >100 pg/mL in acute inflammation and sepsis. The BiosensorProbe™ supports ultrasensitive detection across clinically relevant concentration ranges.
The probe is optimized for surface-immobilized sensing environments, enabling dense probe packing (~10¹²–10¹³ molecules/cm²), controlled orientation, and stable signal generation in electrochemical, impedance, and microfluidic detection platforms.
Recognition Mechanism
Target recognition is mediated by a sequence-engineered single-stranded DNA aptamer (~45–75 nucleotides) that forms a high-affinity binding structure specific to IL-1β epitopes. Binding occurs through hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interactions, and molecular shape complementarity, producing conformational changes suitable for signal transduction.
Binding affinity (Kd): 0.05–2 nM
Detection range: pg/mL to ng/mL depending on sensor platform
Association kinetics: seconds to minutes
Reversible binding suitable for quantitative biosensing
Specificity and Selectivity
The IL-1β BiosensorProbe™ demonstrates high specificity toward IL-1β with minimal cross-reactivity toward related cytokines including IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-8.
Cross-reactivity: <3% against related cytokines
Non-specific adsorption reduction: >90% vs non-functionalized DNA
Matrix compatibility: serum, plasma, saliva, and cell culture media
Molecular Format and Functionalization
Synthetic single-stranded DNA aptamer containing terminal thiol functional group for surface attachment.
Aptamer length: ~45–75 nucleotides
Functionalization efficiency: ≥95% thiol incorporation
Purity: ≥95% (HPLC verified)
End modification: 5′ C6-thiol linker
Buffer formulation: nuclease-free buffered solution
Surface Immobilization Chemistry
The terminal thiol enables formation of self-assembled monolayers on gold surfaces via strong Au–S bonding.
Surface binding strength: ~40–50 kcal/mol
Immobilization time: 30–120 min
Recommended surface density: 1–10 pmol/cm²
Operating pH after immobilization: 6.5–8.5
Compatible Sensor Surfaces
Gold electrodes and nanostructured gold substrates
Gold nanoparticle-modified interfaces
Thiol-reactive polymer coatings
Maleimide-functionalized surfaces
Electrochemical and impedance biosensors
Microfluidic lab-on-chip systems
Wearable sensing platforms
Performance Characteristics
Binding affinity: 0.05–2 nM
Surface coverage: 10¹²–10¹³ molecules/cm²
Operating temperature: 4–45°C
Low non-specific adsorption
Stable signal over repeated measurement cycles
Stability
Shelf stability: ≥12 months at −20°C
Working stability after immobilization: ≥7–14 days
Thermal tolerance: stable up to ~60°C short exposure
Maintains thiol reactivity under recommended storage conditions
Storage
Store at −20°C in supplied buffer. Avoid repeated freeze–thaw cycles. Protect from oxidation and light exposure.
Applications
Inflammation monitoring
Sepsis biomarker detection
Autoimmune disease research
Cytokine profiling platforms
Electrochemical biosensor development
Microfluidic diagnostic devices
Immunology research assays
